BSD 3-Clause: https://github.com/CommonCoreOntology/CommonCoreOntologies/blob/master/LICENSE CUBRC Inc., see full license. This ontology is designed to represent sites, spatial regions, and other entities, especially those that are located near the surface of Earth, as well as the relations that hold between them. Geospatial Ontology Version 1.7 http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology coincides with An immaterial entity im1 coincides with some immaterial entity im2 iff im1 is a spatial part of im2 and im2 is a spatial part of im1. Given a stronger temporal interpretation, this property may be transitive and symmetric. For more info please refer to https://github.com/BFO-ontology/BFO-2020/tree/master/src/owl/temporal%20extensions. http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology connected with An immaterial entity im1 is connected with some immaterial entity im2 iff there exists some immaterial entity im3 that is common to both im1 and im2. Given a stronger temporal interpretation, this property may be symmetric. For more info please refer to https://github.com/BFO-ontology/BFO-2020/tree/master/src/owl/temporal%20extensions. http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology disconnected with An immaterial entity im1 is disconnected with some immaterial entity im2 iff there does not exist some immaterial entity im3 that is common to both im1 and im2. Given a stronger temporal interpretation, this property may be symmetric. For more info please refer to https://github.com/BFO-ontology/BFO-2020/tree/master/src/owl/temporal%20extensions. Randell, D. A., Cui, Z. and Cohn, A. G.: 1992, "A spatial logic based on regions and connection," Proc. 3rd Int. Conf. on Knowledge Representation and Reasoning, Morgan Kaufmann, San Mateo, pp. 165-176. Available at: https://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/cohn_rcc.pdf http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology externally connects with An immaterial entity im1 externally connects with some immaterial entity im2 iff im1 connects with im2 and im1 does not overlap with im2. Given a stronger temporal interpretation, this property may be symmetric. For more info please refer to https://github.com/BFO-ontology/BFO-2020/tree/master/src/owl/temporal%20extensions. Randell, D. A., Cui, Z. and Cohn, A. G.: 1992, "A spatial logic based on regions and connection," Proc. 3rd Int. Conf. on Knowledge Representation and Reasoning, Morgan Kaufmann, San Mateo, pp. 165-176. Available at: https://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/cohn_rcc.pdf http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology has nontangential part x has_nontangential_part y iff x and y are instances of Immaterial Entity, and x has_spatial_part y, such that there does not exist another instance of an Immaterial Entity which externally connects with both x and y. Given a stronger temporal interpretation, this property may be transitive. For more info please refer to https://github.com/BFO-ontology/BFO-2020/tree/master/src/owl/temporal%20extensions. Randell, D. A., Cui, Z. and Cohn, A. G.: 1992, "A spatial logic based on regions and connection," Proc. 3rd Int. Conf. on Knowledge Representation and Reasoning, Morgan Kaufmann, San Mateo, pp. 165-176. Available at: https://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/cohn_rcc.pdf http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology has spatial part y has_spatial_part x iff x, y, z, and q are instances of Immaterial Entity, such that for any z connected with x, z is also connected with y, and q is connected with y but not connected with x. Randell, D. A., Cui, Z. and Cohn, A. G.: 1992, "A spatial logic based on regions and connection," Proc. 3rd Int. Conf. on Knowledge Representation and Reasoning, Morgan Kaufmann, San Mateo, pp. 165-176. Available at: https://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/cohn_rcc.pdf http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology has tangential part x has_tangential_part y iff x, y, and z are instances of Immaterial Entity, and x has_spatial_part y, such that z externally connects with both x and y. Given a stronger temporal interpretation, this property may be transitive. For more info please refer to https://github.com/BFO-ontology/BFO-2020/tree/master/src/owl/temporal%20extensions. Randell, D. A., Cui, Z. and Cohn, A. G.: 1992, "A spatial logic based on regions and connection," Proc. 3rd Int. Conf. on Knowledge Representation and Reasoning, Morgan Kaufmann, San Mateo, pp. 165-176. Available at: https://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/cohn_rcc.pdf http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology nontangential part of An immaterial entity im1 is a nontangential part of some immaterial entity im2 iff im1 is a spatial part of im2 and there does not exist an immaterial entity im3 such that im3 externally connects with im1 and im3 externally connects with im2. Given a stronger temporal interpretation, this property may be transitive. For more info please refer to https://github.com/BFO-ontology/BFO-2020/tree/master/src/owl/temporal%20extensions. Randell, D. A., Cui, Z. and Cohn, A. G.: 1992, "A spatial logic based on regions and connection," Proc. 3rd Int. Conf. on Knowledge Representation and Reasoning, Morgan Kaufmann, San Mateo, pp. 165-176. Available at: https://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/cohn_rcc.pdf http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology partially overlaps with An immaterial entity im1 partially overlaps with some immaterial entity im2 iff im1 overlaps with im2 and im1 is not a spatial part of im2 and im2 is not a spatial part of im1. Given a stronger temporal interpretation, this property may be symmetric. For more info please refer to https://github.com/BFO-ontology/BFO-2020/tree/master/src/owl/temporal%20extensions. Randell, D. A., Cui, Z. and Cohn, A. G.: 1992, "A spatial logic based on regions and connection," Proc. 3rd Int. Conf. on Knowledge Representation and Reasoning, Morgan Kaufmann, San Mateo, pp. 165-176. Available at: https://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/cohn_rcc.pdf http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology in the sense used here, spatial part of is elsewhere referred to as proper spatial part of spatial part of x spatial_part_of y iff x, y, z, and q are instances of Immaterial Entity, such that for any z connected with x, z is also connected with y, and q is connected with y but not connected with x. Randell, D. A., Cui, Z. and Cohn, A. G.: 1992, "A spatial logic based on regions and connection," Proc. 3rd Int. Conf. on Knowledge Representation and Reasoning, Morgan Kaufmann, San Mateo, pp. 165-176. Available at: https://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/cohn_rcc.pdf http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology tangential part of An immaterial entity im1 is a tangential part of some immaterial entity im2 iff im1 is a spatial part of im2 and there exists some immaterial entity im3 such that im3 externally connects with im1 and im3 externally connects with im2. Given a stronger temporal interpretation, this property may be transitive. For more info please refer to https://github.com/BFO-ontology/BFO-2020/tree/master/src/owl/temporal%20extensions. http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology Altitude values typically use kilometers as the Unit of Measurement. has altitude value This data property can be used along with has_latitude_value and has_longitude_value to connect three-dimensional spatial data to a single Information Bearing Entity to specify the location of an entity in a Geospatial Region. http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology has latitude value A Data Property that has as its range the latitude value from some Geospatial Location coordinates set expressed in decimal degrees. http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology has longitude value A Data Property that has as its range the longitude value from some Geospatial Location coordinates set expressed in decimal degrees. http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology ISO 19162:2015 as WKT A Data Property that has as its range a string formated according to the Well-known text standardization for geometric objects. Polygon ((10 10, 10 20, 20 20, 20 15, 10 10)) http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/anthropogenic http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology Anthropogenic Feature An Environmental Feature that is related to or is the result of the influence of human beings on the environment. http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology Atmospheric Feature A Geographic Feature that is part of the atmosphere (including the atmosphere itself as a non-proper part) having a relatively stable lifecycle and which has a location that can be distinguished from the surrounding portion of the atmosphere. http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology Axis of Rotation Rotational Axis A One-Dimensional Spatial Region defined by the line around which a spinning body rotates. http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology Bounding Box Point A Geospatial Position that is a proper part of some Geospatial Region Bounding Box. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Center_of_mass&oldid=1059976491 http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology Center of Mass A Zero-Dimensional Spatial Region that is the point where the weighted position vectors of the distributed Mass of a Material Entity relative to this point sum to zero. http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology Constructed Feature An Anthropogenic Feature that has been constructed by deliberate human effort. JC3IEDM version 3.0.2 http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology Continent A Geospatial Region that is bounded by any of the Earth's main continuous expanses of land. http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology Coordinate System Axis A One-Dimensional Spatial Region defined by a Coordinate System for the purpose of identifying the position of entities along one dimension of the Coordinate System's spatial framework. http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology Environmental Feature A Material Entity that is either a natural or man-made feature of the environment. http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology Geographic Feature An Environmental Feature that is a natural (i.e. not human made) topographical feature having a (relatively) stable location in some Geospatial Region which can be designated by location-specific data. http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology One-Dimensional Geospatial Boundary A Fiat Line that is a boundary of some Geospatial Region. http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology Geospatial Ellipse A One-Dimensional Geospatial Boundary that is formed by following a symmetric arc between four vertices which are connected to the center point of the ellipse via a straight line. http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology Geospatial Error Region A One-Dimensional Geospatial Boundary that bounds some Geospatial Region according to probability estimations for locating some object within it. http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology Geospatial Line A Geospatial Line String that has only two vertices. http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology Geospatial Line String A One-Dimensional Geospatial Boundary that has two or more Geospatial Positions as vertices, where each vertex is connected to only one other vertex by a straight line. http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology Geospatial Location A Geospatial Region that is at which an Entity or Event is located. http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology Geospatial Polygon A Geospatial Line String that has at least three vertices where the connecting lines form a closed loop. http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology Geospatial Position A Fiat Point that is at or near the surface of the Earth and fixed according to some Geospatial Coordinate Reference System. http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology Geospatial Region A Site that is at or near the surface of the Earth. http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology Geospatial Region Bounding Box A Geospatial Polygon that has some Geospatial Region as a non-tangential proper part. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ground_track&oldid=1058025510 http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology Ground Track Ground Trace A One-Dimensional Spatial Region defined by the line formed on the surface of an Astronomical Body by projecting an imaginary line from the center of the tracked Object to the center of the Astronomical Body as the Object travels above the surface. The Ground Track is the line on the surface of the Earth or other Astronomical Body that is located directly below the Object Track. http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology Ground Track Point A Zero-Dimensional Spatial Region that is an idealized point located on the surface of an Astronomical Body directly below an Object Track Point. Anderson et. al. A Land Use and Land Cover Classification System for use with Remote Sensor Data, Geological Survey Professional Paper 964 http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology High Density Residential Area A Populated Place which is characterized by densely contained multiple-unit living structures. http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology Hydrographic Feature A Geographic Feature associated with water. Anderson et. al. A Land Use and Land Cover Classification System for use with Remote Sensor Data, Geological Survey Professional Paper 964 http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology Low Density Residential Area A Populated Place where houses are on lots of more than one acre. http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology Major Axis A One-Dimensional Spatial Region that is the longest line segment that connects two points on the edge of an Ellipse. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Semi-major_and_semi-minor_axes&oldid=1047911304 http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology Minor Axis A One-Dimensional Spatial Region that is the longest line segment perpendicular to the Major Axis that connects two points on the edge of an Ellipse. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nadir&oldid=1057007248 http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology Nadir A One-Dimensional Spatial Region that extends from a given location downward along the local vertical direction pointing in the direction of the apparent Gravitational Force at that location. http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology The exact line of the Object Track may be drawn based on the Center of Mass of the Object or another reference point, such as the location of a transponder beacon or the center of a radar cross-section, depending on the Object being tracked. Object Track A One-Dimensional Spatial Region that consists of the idealized line along which an Object has traversed during some motion. http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology Object Track Point A Zero-Dimensional Spatial Region that is an idealized point where an Object is or was located during some motion. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Park&oldid=1061073992 http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology Park An Anthropogenic Feature that is a bounded area of land, or water, usually in its natural or semi-natural (landscaped) state and set aside for some purpose, usually to do with recreation or conservation. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Landform&oldid=1060439172 http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology Physiographic Feature A Geographic Feature that is a geomorphological unit characterized by its surface form and location in the landscape. http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology Pitch Axis Lateral Axis An Axis of Rotation that passes through the center of an object's Mass and is perpendicular both to the direction of the object's motion and to the object's Yaw Axis. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Human_settlement&oldid=1060418164 http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology Populated place An Anthropogenic Feature at which people live or have lived. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Atmosphere&oldid=1135486662 http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology Portion of Atmosphere A fiat object part of the layer of gas or layers of gases that envelop a natural satellite. https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/cryosphere.html (accessed 03/06/2023) http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology Portion of Cryosphere A fiat object part of the frozen part of a natural satellite's hydosphere https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Geosphere&oldid=1137306949 http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology Portion of Geosphere A fiat object part that is composed of one or more portions of the atmosphere, cryosphere, hydrosphere, or lithosphere https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hydrosphere&oldid=1128848972 http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology Portion of Hydrosphere A fiat object part of the combined mass of water found on, under, and above the surface of a natural satellite https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lithosphere&oldid=1143215085 http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology Portion of Lithosphere A fiat object part of the rigid, outermost rocky shell of a natural satellite. http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology Roll Axis Longitudinal Axis An Axis of Rotation that passes through the center of an object's Mass from the front to the back of the object as defined by the direction of the object's motion. http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology Sea Level A Fiat Surface that divides the spheroid composed of Earth and its atmosphere at some point that corresponds to the mean level of calm water in the Earth�s oceans. http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology Semi-Major Axis A One-Dimensional Spatial Region that is equal to half the length of the Major Axis of an Ellipse. http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology Semi-Minor Axis A One-Dimensional Spatial Region that is equal to half the length of the Minor Axis of an Ellipse. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Continent&oldid=1064057312 http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology Subcontinent A Geospatial Region that is bounded by a large, relatively self-contained landmass forming a subdivision of a Continent. http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology Three-Dimensional Path A Three-Dimensional Spatial Region that encompasses the spatial region through which some Object travels. http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology For an object in motion, its Three-Dimensional Position is part of its Three-Dimensional Path. Three-Dimensional Position A Three-Dimensional Spatial Region that encompasses the (minimal) spatial region in which some object is located at a particular time. http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology Yaw Axis Vertical Axis An Axis of Rotation that passes through the center of an object's Mass from the top to the bottom and is perpendicular to the direction of the object's motion. For objects in Orbit, the Yaw Axis passes through the Barycenter of its Orbit. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zenith&oldid=1052625030 http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology Zenith A One-Dimensional Spatial Region that extends from a given location upward along the local vertical direction pointing in the direction opposite the apparent Gravitational Force at that location. http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology x-Axis A Coordinate System Axis designated by the variable 'x'. http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology y-Axis A Coordinate System Axis designated by the variable 'y'. http://www.ontologyrepository.com/CommonCoreOntologies/Mid/GeospatialOntology z-Axis A Coordinate System Axis designated by the variable 'z'.